shaista
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Join date : 2012-11-09
 | Subject: Chapter # 1 9th Class  Mon Dec 08, 2014 2:52 am | |
| Q. No. 1) Define Computer.
Ans.: Computer:-
The word computer is derived from a word “Compute” which means “to calculate”. Computer may be defined as:
“A computer is an electronic data processing machine that accepts data and instructions (programs) as input, processes the data according to given instructions and produces information as output.”
Computer can also be defined as:
“A computer is an electronic data processing machine, which works under control of stored programs, accepts the data, processes the data according to instructions (programs) and gives information (result).”
Q. No. 2) Write down the differences between Hardware and Software.
Ans.: The Differences Between Hardware & Hardware and software are two different terms. The major differences between Hardware and Software are given below:
S No Hardware Software
1 Definition “The physical components of computers are called Hardware.” “The programs and data given to computer are called software.”
2 We can see and touch and see the hardware (parts of computers).
Software make computer useable but we cannot touch software
3 Examples
Keyboard, mouse, CPU, printer, monitor, speakers, cables, graphic cards, USB drives are examples of Hardware.
DOS, Windows, MS Office, Virus, Antivirus are examples of Software.
Q. No. 3)Write down capabilities of computer.
Capabilities of Computer:-
The capabilities of computer are given below:
1. Speed:-
A computer can process the data faster than any other machine.
2. Repetitions:-
A computer can perform the same operations millions of times in exactly the same way without getting bored or feeling tiredness.
3. Accuracy:-
A computer processes the data with high-accuracy.
4. Logical Operations:-
The computer can make decisions if it is provided some conditions and their alternatives.
5. Store and Recall Information:-
Computer has memory and storage devices where data, programs and information are stored and recalled back.
6. Self-Checking:-
The computer verifies the accuracy of its own work by means of a parity check.
7. Self-Operating:-
Computer can execute the instruction on its own without human intervention, if the data and programs are fed into computer memory.
Q. No. 4) Write down limitations of computer.
Limitations of Computer:-
Though a computer is a very efficient device but there are some limitations of this device. Some of them are given below:
· A computer cannot generate information on its own.
· A computer cannot correct instructions if they have mistakes.
· A computer cannot come with an original decision.
Q. No. 5) Write a brief note on history of computers?
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS
Computer is a fast growing technology. At the early age people used pebbles, stones, sticks, scratches, symbols and finger tips to count, which were later replaced by numbers. Since then computers are developed continuously.
The history of computing is divided into three ages during which man invented and improved different types of calculating machines. These ages are,
· Dark age 300 BC to 1890 AD
· Middle age 1890 AD to 1944 AD
· Modern age since 1944 AD
Q. No. 6) Describe calculating devices used in dark ages.
Dark Age (3000 BC to 1890 AD)
In darks ages following calculating devices are used:
ABACUS
About 3000 years BC, Chinese developed the first calculating machine named Abacus or Soroban.
Abacus consists of a rectangular wooden frame having rods which carry round beads. Counting is done by shifting the beads from one side to another.
OUGHTRED’S SLIDE RULES
In 1632 AD William Oughtred, an English mathematician developed a slide rule. This device consists of two movable rules placed side by side on which number were marked.
PASCAL’S CALCULATOR
Blasé Pascal (1623-1662), a French developed the first mechanical calculating machine in 1642. This machine consists of gears, wheels and dials. It was capable of adding and subtracting operations. GOTTEFRIED WILHOLM LEIBNITZ
In 1671, a German, Gottfried Von Leibnitz (1646-1716) improved Pascal’s calculator to make it capable of performing all maths operations.
JACQUARD’S LOOM
In 1801, a French, Joseph Marie Jacquard developed the first punch card machine.
BABBAGE DIFFERENCE ENGINE
Charles Babbage (1792-1871) an English mathematician also called Father of modern computer. As he gave the true concept of computer at Cambridge University, he developed Babbage Difference Engine in 1823 and Babbage Analytical Engine in 1833.
Lady Ada Augusta an assistant of Babbage is called the first programmer.
Q. No. 7) Write a short note on Middle Ages.
Q. No.  Write down generations of computer.
Q. No. 9) Write down types of computer.
Q. No.10) What is a programming language?
Q. No. 11) Differentiate Source Code and Object Code.
Q. No. 12) Write a note on language translator.
Q. No. 13) Write some draw backs of internet. | |
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